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为降低磷酸二氢钾的生产成本，探究以饲料级磷酸氢钙为原料制备磷酸二氢钾的新工艺，分析不同因素对磷收率的影响。在最佳工艺条件下，即n(磷酸)/n(磷酸氢钙)为0.4、磷酸氢钙悬浮液的液固体积质量比为5 mL/g、硫酸氢钾与磷酸氢钙摩尔比为1.0、硫酸氢钾加入时间为0.5 h、反应温度65℃、反应时间为1.5 h的条件下，制备的磷酸二氢钾产品纯度达到98%以上，w(H2O)控制在0.5%以下，w(杂质)低于0.2%，完全满足国家标准GB/T 1279—2008 《工业磷酸二氢钾》的要求；磷收率高达95.78%，表明原料中的磷得到了高效利用。采用新工艺生产的磷酸二氢钾的总成本约为5 000元/t，较传统工艺下降45.7%，具有显著的成本优势，适合工业化推广和应用。
Abstract：In order to reduce the production cost of potassium dihydrogen phosphate,a new process for preparing potassium dihydrogen phosphate from feed grade calcium hydrogen phosphate is explored,and the influence of different factors on phosphorus yield is analyzed. Under the optimal process conditions:Phosphoric acid and calcium hydrogen phosphate molar ratio of 0.4,liquid-solid mass ratio of 5 mL/g for calcium hydrogen phosphate suspension,potassium bisulfate and calcium hydrogen phosphate molar ratio of 1.0,potassium bisulfate addition time of 0.5 h,reaction temperature at 65 ℃,and reaction time of 1.5 h,the purity of the prepared potassium dihydrogen phosphate product reaches over 98%,the water content is controlled below 0.5%,and the impurity content is less than 0.2%,fully meeting the requirements of the national standard GB/T 1279—2008“Industrial Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate”;The phosphorus yield reaches 95.78%,indicating that the phosphorus in the raw material is efficiently utilized. The total cost of producing potassium dihydrogen phosphate using the new process is about 5 000 RMB Yuan per ton,which is 45.7% lower than the traditional process cost. It has significant cost advantages and is suitable for industrial promotion and application.
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基本信息:
DOI：
中图分类号:TQ131.13
引用信息:
[1]沈海龙,侯屹东,张然等.饲料级磷酸氢钙制备磷酸二氢钾工艺研究[J].生态产业科学与磷氟工程,2025,40(04):21-26.
基金信息:
中央引导地方科技发展专项资金“贫杂磷矿高效生产高品质绿色饲料磷酸钙盐产业化技术开发与转化”（202207AC110017）