| 4 | 0 | 3 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
石油基包覆油因具有优异的成膜性和稳定性，成本低，被广泛应用于磷肥生产中。以沥青、矿物油、石蜡和磷酸酯为主要原料，进行包覆油的制备和应用性能评价。开发一种石油基油包覆磷酸二铵(DAP)肥料，该肥料具有良好的防结块性能。通过优化配方，以沥青和矿物油为主要成分，配以石蜡和表面活性剂磷酸酯，磷酸酯添加量为4%时，制得的包覆油在60℃下黏度为1 164.6 mPa·s，密度为958.8 kg/m3。以0.25%添加量包覆后的DAP肥料颗粒在35℃、70%相对湿度下展现出优异的防吸湿性能(吸湿率<0.5%)和防结块性，且其L*、a*、b*色度参数符合咖啡色磷肥的色度要求。进一步提高包覆油中磷酸酯的添加量至12%，可显著改善包膜的均匀性，防结块效果提高84%。
Abstract：Petroleum-based coating oil is widely used in phosphate fertilizer production due to its excellent film-forming properties and stability,and low cost. The preparation and performance evaluation of coating oil using asphalt, mineral oil, paraffin and phosphate ester as the main raw materials are studied. A petroleum-based oil-coated DAP fertilizer is developed,exhibiting good anti-caking properties. By optimizing the formulation,a coating oil is obtained with asphalt and mineral oil as the main components,supplemented with paraffin and phosphate ester,which demonstrates a viscosity of 1 164.6 mPa·s and a density of 958.8 kg/m3 at 60 ℃ with the addition amount of phosphate ester of 4%. Fertilizer granules wrapped with 0.25% coating oil shows excellent anti-hygroscopic properties(moisture absorption rate < 0.5%) and anti-caking performance at 35 ℃ and 70% relative humidity,with L*,a* and b* color parameters meeting the color requirements for brown phosphate fertilizer. Further increasing the phosphate ester content in the coating oil to 12% significantly,the uniformity of the coating is improved and the anti-caking effect is increased by 84%.
[1] HONG W,PENG G R,WU S,et al. Effect of Potassium Nitrate on Anti-Caking Performance of AN-based NPK Granular Compound Fertilizer[J]. Integrated Ferroelectrics,2020,208(1):17-27.
[2] ZHOU G,XING Z Y,TAN Y C,et al. An environmental-friendly oil-based dust suppression microcapsules[J]. Process Safety & Environmental Protection,2022,165:453-462.
[3]张春霞，张应军，徐扬，等.表面活性剂在化肥防结块剂中的应用[J].日用化学工业，2002(6):44-48.ZHANG C X,ZHANG Y J,XU Y,et al. Application of surfactant in anti-caking agent for fertilizer[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics,2002(6):44-48.
[4]吕婧潇.磷酸酯表面活性剂的合成与性能研究[D].上海：上海大学，2015.LV J X. Study on the Synthesis and Properties of Phosphate Surfactants[D]. Shanghai:Shanghai University,2015.
[5]林子云.磷酸酯类表面活性剂及其应用[J].胶体与聚合物，2004,23(4):43-44.
[6]林祥斌，马继伟，史铁京.脂肪醇磷酸酯在复合肥防结块剂中的应用[J].磷肥与复肥，2015,30(6):6-8.LIN X B,MA J W,SHI T J. Application of fatty alcohol phosphate in anti-caking agent for compound fertilizer[J].Phosphate & Compound Fertilizer,2015,30(6):6-8.
[7]李正军.磷酸酯合成工艺的改进及单双酯含量的检测[J].西部皮革，2007(2):31-34.LI Z J. Improvement in Synthesizing Processes of Phosphates and Determination of the Content of Monoester and Diester[J].West Leather,2007(2):31-34.
[8]董旭，董茂忠，董茜，等.复合肥防结块性能快速测试方法探讨[J].山东化工，2020,49(5):65-69,86.DONG X,DONG M Z,DONG Q,et al. Exploration on Fast Test of Anti-blocking Property of Compound Fertilizers[J]. Shandong Chemical Industry,2020,49(5):65-69,86.
[9] KEENEN G F. Hygroscopicity of Mixed Fertilizers[J]. Industrial&Engineering Chemistry,2002,31(7):903-908.
[10]茹铁军，王金铭，乔荣广.复合肥料的吸湿性及其影响因素[J].磷肥与复肥，2010,25(4):50-51.RU T J,WANG J M,QIAO R G. Study on the hygroscopicity of compound fertilizer and its influence factors[J]. Phosphate & Compound Fertilizer,2010,25(4):50-51.
[11]周晶晶，姜振胜，唐丽丹.复合肥防结块性能测试方法的比较和探讨[J].磷肥与复肥，2022,37(5):9-11.ZHOU J J,JIANG Z S,TANG L D. Comparison and discussion on test methods of anti-caking performance of compound fertilizers[J]. Phosphate & Compound Fertilizer,2022,37(5):9-11.
[12] CHARLIE J S,WULANDARI M,NURWIJAYANTI. Classification of Fertilizer Using OpenCV Based on Color Characteristic[J].IOP Conference Series:Materials Science and Engineering,2020,1007(1):012053.
[13]曲国娟，邓素琴.表面活性剂型防结块剂的研究进展[J].广东化工，2017,44(20):109-110.QU G J,DENG S Q. The Research Progress of Anti-Caking Agent Produced from Surfactant[J]. Guangdong Chemical Industry,2017,44(20):109-110.
[14]张灿，伍华，木强，等.基于不同辅料和基料的肥料包裹剂的防潮效果评价[J].生态产业科学与磷氟工程，2024,39(10):35-39.ZHANG C,WU H,MU Q,et al. Evaluation of moisture-proof effects of fertilizer wrapping agents based on different auxiliary materials and base materials[J]. Eco-industry Science & Phosphorus Fluorine Engineering,2024,39(10):35-39.
[15]经久艳.磷酸二铵专用着色剂的制备与研究[D].武汉：华中师范大学，2008.JING J Y. Preparation and Research of a Brown Waterborne Colorant for Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate(DAP)Fertilizer[D]. Wuhan:Central China Normal University,2008.
[16]谢汪洋.磷酸二铵存储过程中外观质量变化的研究与应用[D].武汉：武汉工程大学，2014.XIE W Y. Research and application of appearance quality of diammonium phosphate in the storage process of change[D].Wuhan:Wuhan Institute of Technology,2014.
基本信息:
DOI：
中图分类号:TQ442.14
引用信息:
[1]缪志梅,代金凤,杜加磊等.石油基油包覆磷酸二铵的制备及防结块效果研究[J].生态产业科学与磷氟工程,2025,40(09):14-20.
基金信息:
绿色包覆油开发及应用研究